Healing Brush, Remove Blemishes

Learn to use the Healing Brush Tool with the Layer Mask to remove blemishes and skin appear smooth and flawless.

There are a lot of blemishes in the skin. The purpose of this tutorial is to remove them. We are going to use the Healing Brush Tool and a Layer Mask.

The Blemishes have been marked. These will have to be removed. The tool that we're going to use to remove blemishes is the Healing Brush Tool which can be found in the tool bar.

First add a new layer by clicking on the Create a New Layer icon in the layers palette. Rename this layer by double clicking on its name in the layers palette and name it Blemishes.
With the Healing Brush Tool still selected look at the options bar:

On the left we can see a black dot with a sharp edge; it means that the brush is going to have a hard edge (also called 100% hardness).

Underneath we can see the size of the brush which is 19. More to the right we notice the selected Blending Mode for this brush.

For this tutorial the Normal mode will be used.

The next option is called Source, for which we have two options; Sampled or Pattern.

Sampled means that we're going to use our image as our source. Pattern means that we're going to use an existing pattern as our source.

In most cases you will use the Sampled option, because quite often we want the new area to have the same texture as the area surrounding it .

Pattern can be useful if you don't have any decent area in your image that you would like to use as your texture. We are going to use Sampled.

Look at the screenshot.

These are blemishes which will need to be fixed and how to do them with the Healing Tool.

You need to ALT+click to select the source.

In this example C has been selected as the source.

When the mouse left button is pressed to remove a blemish (In this case at A), Photoshop will remember the distance and angle between A and C. So if the user now decides to remove a blemish at B, then the source will be D (same angle, same distance). After the user starts to use the Healing Brush both cursor and source are 'glued' together.

The advantage of the option Aligned is that we always stay close to the area that needs to be corrected and that the texture resembles the texture we want to use for our correction.

Notice that the option Use All Layer is selected. This means that the source area doesn't have to be on the same layer, in our case the Blemishes layer.

It also means that the result of using the Healing Brush Tool will be placed on the active layer, which is in our case the Blemishes layer.

The Healing Brush however only uses those pixels that are visible in our document window, but it does not matter on which layer they are.
If you return to the screenshot of the options bar notice the letter A beside a little black triangle. Click with the mouse on this little triangle and a new window will pop up.

We're going to use a small brush size for our Healing Brush Tool so we select a value of about 20 px.

We also want to have soft edges to avoid that our corrections are noticeable in the final image and that's why we're going to select a value of 0% for Hardness.

The other settings have Photoshop's default values and don't need to be changed. If these values are different in your case then change them according to the values of the screenshot of the options bar.

The last thing we have to do before we start removing some blemishes is setting the source area.

Move your mouse cursor close to an area that needs to be fixed (the source area and the area that needs to be fixed shouldn't overlap) and hold down the Alt key and press your left mouse button; this will mark the source area.

With the source area set you can start by removing blemishes by using your mouse cursor as if it were some magic brush.

Note: sometimes it's necessary to change the source area of the Healing brush Tool. You can do this at any time by following the same steps that we used to set the initial source area.

Now create a new layer on top of the Blemishes layer by clicking on the Create a New Layer icon.

Rename this layer to Smooth Skin by double clicking on its name in the layers palette.
Hold down Ctrl + Alt + Shift + E to merge all visible layers on the active layer (Remember this Photoshop shortcut, it's a very useful one) or in other words; the layer Smooth Skin will contain the image that was visible in the document window when you used this shortcut, which includes all the corrections done to remove blemishes.

Now to use the Median filter to make the skin look smooth.

Now go to the menu and select Filter>Noise>Median. Enter a radius of 10 pixels and click OK. Set the opacity of this layer to 50%.

This is the result.

The skin now looks exactly the way we want it, but by using the Median filter we've blurred areas that need to stay sharp, like eyes, lips, hair, hat, eyebrows, eyelashes and the edges of the nose and nostrils. We are going to fix this by adding a mask which allows us to ignore those area that need to stay sharp.
We add a mask to the Smooth Skin layer by clicking on the Add layer mask icon in the layers palette.
Press the letter D on your keyboard to make the foreground color white and the background color black:Press the letter X on your keyboard to switch the foreground and background color.
Select the the Brush Tool by clicking on its icon in the tool bar. Check the options bar.

Use the settings that you see in the options bar. Notice that we're going to start with a size 50 brush. This time the hardness of the brush is set too 100% (hard edges). You can change both the size and hardness of this brush by clicking on the little black arrow like we did earlier with the Healing Brush Tool.

Now it's important that you have your mask active at all times before you start using the brush, since we have to apply the brush strokes to our mask and not our image. An active mask can be recognized by its double border (marked with the red arrow) and the mask icon in front of it.

To be able to see what we're actually masking, let's turn on the equivalent of Quick Mask by pressing \ on your keyboard. You won't see anything happen, but let's paint on the hat inside the document window. You'll notice that the quick mask mode now marks the area that is going to be masked with a transparent red. Turn off Quick Mask by pressing \ again and you'll see the area of the background layer that you've made visible by masking the same area on the Smooth Skin layer.

Now click on the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers palette.

This window will open.

In this window you can change the color by double clicking on the red square. You can also change he opacity of the Quick Mask color, which is by default 50%. Note: The opacity setting doesn't affect the layer or the mask itself, it only affects the transparency of the mask in Quick Mask mode.
Continue by turning on the Quick Mask mode by pressing \ again.
Look at this screenshot:

You'll notice that everything that needs to stay sharp has been masked (it will remain unaffected by the median filter).

To create a clean mask you have to use the following guidelines;
Change the brush size often. Instead of switching to the options bar several times we're going to use a shortcut; press [ on your keyboard to decrease the brush size or press ] to increase its size. There's also a shortcut for hardness; press Shift + [ to decrease the hardness of your brush or press Shift + ] to increase the hardness.
Mask large areas with a large brush and a hardness of 100%.
Mask small areas with a small brush and a hardness of 0%.
Mask accurate edges by using a large zoom factor and work with a small brush, low hardness of 0% and a low opacity (about 30-50%).
Also make sure that sure that you don't forget to mask areas like the corners of the mouth, fine hairs, eyebrows, eyelashes and the contours of nose and nostrils. For those areas try to use a soft, small brush with a low opacity.This is the final result (after some slight sharpening).

This particular tutorial is not my own. I have tried it out and it works satisfactorily. The original tutorial can be found in the link below.

http://www.lunacore.com/photoshop/tutorials/tut020.htm